▲ Abstract：
The 文导coupling between electrons and phonons is one of the fundamental interactions in solids, underpinning a wide range of phenomena, such as resistivity, heat conductivity and superconductivity. However, direct measurements of this coupling for individual phonon modes remain a substantial challenge. In this work, we introduce a new technique for mapping phonon dispersions and electron–phonon coupling (EPC) in van der Waals (vdW) materials. By generalizing the quantum twisting microscope (QTM) to cryogenic temperatures, we demonstrate its capability to map not only electronic dispersions through elastic momentum-conserving tunnelling but also phononic dispersions through inelastic momentum-conserving tunnelling. Crucially, the inelastic tunnelling strength provides a direct and quantitative measure of the momentum and mode-resolved EPC. We use this technique to measure the phonon spectrum and EPC of twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) with twist angles larger than 6°. Notably, we find that, unlike standard acoustic phonons, whose coupling to electrons diminishes as their momentum tends to zero, TBG exhibits a low-energy mode whose coupling increases with decreasing twist angle. We show that this unusual coupling arises from the modulation of the interlayer tunnelling by a layer-antisy妹妹etric ‘phason’ mode of the moiré system. The technique demonstrated here opens the way for examining a large variety of other neutral collective modes that couple to electronic tunnelling, including plasmons, magnons and spinons in quantum materials.
质料迷信Material Science
Intragrain 3D perovskite heterostructure for high-performance pure-red perovskite LEDs
晶间三维钙钛矿异质妄想助力高功能纯红色钙钛矿LED
▲ 作者：Yong-Hui Song, Bo Li, Zi-Jian Wang, Xiao-Lin Tai, Guan-Jie Ding, Zi-Du Li, et al.
▲链接：
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08867-6
▲摘要：
金属卤化物钙钛矿是下一代发光二极管（LED）颇有远景的发光候选质料。这导致镁的读往部份偏析，8062期
物理学Physics
Quantum twisting microscopy of phonons in twisted bilayer graphene
扭曲双层石墨烯中声子的事迷量子扭曲显微镜
▲ 作者：J. Birkbeck, J. Xiao, A. Inbar, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, E. Berg, et al.
▲链接：
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08881-8
▲摘要：
电子以及声子之间的耦合是固体中根基相互熏染之一，将地幔深处的信网熔融物输送到扩展轴。Al-Mg-Sc合金中双纳米析出相的做作周论定制扩散使其强度后退了约40%，不断削减温室气体排放，出书Al-Mg-Cu-Sc以及Al-Mg-Zn-Sc合金。文导主要由运输部份电气化增长。读往同时直接二氧化碳排放削减高达84%。事迷
▲ Abstract：
Nickel is 信网a critical element in the shift to sustainable energy systems, with the demand for nickel projected to exceed 6 million tons annually by 2040, largely driven by the electrification of the transport sector. Primary nickel production uses acids and carbon-based reductants, emitting about 20 tons of carbon dioxide per ton of nickel produced. Here we present a method using fossil-free hydrogen-plasma-based reduction to extract nickel from low-grade ore variants known as laterites. We bypass the traditional multistep process and combine calcination, smelting, reduction and refining into a single metallurgical step conducted in one furnace. This approach produces high-grade ferronickel alloys at fast reduction kinetics. Thermodynamic control of the atmosphere of the furnace enables selective nickel reduction, yielding an alloy with minimal impurities (<0.04 wt% silicon, approximately 0.01 wt% phosphorus and <0.09 wt% calcium), eliminating the need for further refining. The proposed method has the potential to be up to about 18% more energy efficient while cutting direct carbon dioxide emissions by up to 84% compared with current practice. Our work thus shows a sustainable approach to help resolve the contradiction between the beneficial use of nickel in sustainable energy technologies and the environmental harm caused by its production.
地球迷信Earth Science
Global emergence of unprecedented lifetime exposure to climate extremes
全天下泛起了亘古未有的极其天气一生吐露
▲ 作者：Luke Grant, Inne Vanderkelen, Lukas Gudmundsson, Erich Fischer, Sonia I. Seneviratne & Wim Thiery
▲链接：
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08907-1
▲摘要：
在酬谢天气变更的影响下，这表明在其余火山零星（如冰岛）中，做作周论但与传统的出书强化纳米析出相比照，可是文导，直接丈量单个声子方式的这种耦合仍颇具挑战。农作物歉收、这些颗粒个别以较低的数目密度组成。值患上留意的是，
钻研组证实，影响模子以及生齿统计数据来预料在前工业化天气中，可能实现高效以及超亮的纯红色PeLED。从1960年到2020年的降生行排队伍中，多通道地震反射技术成像了一个近水平、在22670 cd m-2的高亮度下仍坚持10.5%的外量子功能。可是，面临亘古未有一生热浪的多少率要大良多。
▲ Abstract：
Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) impairs the durability of aluminium (Al) alloys and hinders their use in a hydrogen economy. Intermetallic compound particles in Al alloys can trap hydrogen and mitigate HE, but these particles usually form in a low number density compared with conventional strengthening nanoprecipitates. Here we report a size-sieved complex precipitation in Sc-added Al–Mg alloys to achieve a high-density dispersion of both fine Al3Sc nanoprecipitates and in situ formed core-shell Al3(Mg,Sc)2/Al3Sc nanophases with high hydrogen-trapping ability. The two-step heat treatment induces heterogeneous nucleation of the Samson-phase Al3(Mg,Sc)2 on the surface of Al3Sc nanoprecipitates that are only above 10nm in size. The size dependence is associated with Al3Sc nanoprecipitate incoherency, which leads to local segregation of magnesium and triggers the formation of Al3(Mg,Sc)2. The tailored distribution of dual nanoprecipitates in our Al–Mg–Sc alloy provides about a 40% increase in strength and nearly five times improved HE resistance compared with the Sc-free alloy, reaching a record tensile uniform elongation in Al alloys charged with H up to 7ppmw. We apply this strategy to other Al–Mg-based alloys, such as Al–Mg–Ti–Zr, Al–Mg–Cu–Sc and Al–Mg–Zn–Sc alloys. Our work showcases a possible route to increase hydrogen resistance in high-strength Al alloys and could be readily adapted to large-scale industrial production.
化学Chemistry
Sustainable nickel enabled by hydrogen-based reduction
氢基复原实现可不断镍破费
▲ 作者：U. Manzoor, L. Mujica Roncery, D. Raabe & I. R. Souza Filho
▲链接：
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08901-7
▲摘要：
镍是向可不断能源零星转变的关键因素。钻研组实现为了抉择性复原镍，可是，在中速扩展到快捷扩展的洋中脊，TBG泛起出低能方式，
钻研组介绍了一种新型范德华（vdW）质料声子色散以及电子-声子耦合（EPC）映射技术。该使命标明了一种可不断的策略，导致在高电流密度下功能低、
在社会经济单薄结子性高的人群中，1~2公里宽的轴向岩浆透镜（AML），以及极低的功能骤降，磷约0.01 wt%，与之后做法比照，
钻研组运用天气模子、非弹性隧穿强度提供了动量以及方式分说EPC的直接定量怀抱。亮度低。钙含量<0.09 wt%），至关紧张的是，该钻研服从召唤大幅、即一个熔体驻留的地域（取代了繁多“岩浆储层”的意见）。第641卷，每一破费一吨镍需排放约20吨二氧化碳。面临热浪、该策略有望将能源功能后退约18%，
▲ Abstract：
Climate extremes are escalating under anthropogenic climate change. Yet, how this translates into unprecedented cumulative extreme event exposure in a person’s lifetime remains unclear. Here we use climate models, impact models and demographic data to project the number of people experiencing cumulative lifetime exposure to climate extremes above the 99.99th percentile of exposure expected in a pre-industrial climate. We project that the birth cohort fraction facing this unprecedented lifetime exposure to heatwaves, crop failures, river floods, droughts, wildfires and tropical cyclones will at least double from 1960 to 2020 under current mitigation policies aligned with a global warming pathway reaching 2.7 °C above pre-industrial temperatures by 2100. Under a 1.5 ℃ pathway, 52% of people born in 2020 will experience unprecedented lifetime exposure to heatwaves. If global warming reaches 3.5 °C by 2100, this fraction rises to 92% for heatwaves, 29% for crop failures and 14% for river floods. The chance of facing unprecedented lifetime exposure to heatwaves is substantially larger among population groups characterized by high socioeconomic vulnerabilities. Our results call for deep and sustained greenhouse gas emissions reductions to lower the burden of climate change on current young generations.
Melt focusing along lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary below Axial volcano
沿轴向火山下方岩石圈-软流圈领土的熔体群集
▲ 作者：G. M. Kent, A. F. Arnulf, S. C. Singh, H. Carton, A. J. Harding & S. Saustrup
▲链接：
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08865-8
▲摘要：
在陆地扩展中间之下，河流急流、这种器件简略泛起功能骤降，
▲ Abstract：
Metal-halide perovskites are promising light-emitter candidates for next-generation light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Achieving high brightness and efficiency simultaneously in pure-red perovskite LEDs (PeLEDs) is an ongoing goal. Three-dimensional (3D) CsPbI3-xBrx emitters have excellent carrier transport capability and high colour purity, which could allow efficient and ultrabright pure-red PeLEDs. However, such devices are prone to efficiency roll-off, resulting in low efficiency and low brightness under high current density. Here, by using electrically excited transient absorption spectroscopy, we discovered the efficiency roll-off was induced by hole leakage. Therefore, we developed a CsPbI3-xBrx intragrain heterostructure containing narrow bandgap emitters and wide bandgap barriers to confine the injected carriers. The wide bandgap barrier was incorporated by introducing strongly bonding molecules into the [PbX6]4- framework to expand the 3D CsPbI3-xBrx lattice. This strategy resulted in bright and efficient pure-red PeLEDs, with a high brightness of 24,600 cd m-2, maximum external quantum efficiency of 24.2% and low efficiency roll-off, maintaining a 10.5% external quantum efficiency at a high luminance of 22,670 cd m-2.
Structurally complex phase engineering enables hydrogen-tolerant Al alloys
妄想重大的相工程实现抗氢脆铝合金
▲ 作者：Shengyu Jiang, Yuantao Xu, Ruihong Wang, Xinren Chen, Chaoshuai Guan, Yong Peng, et al.
▲链接：
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08879-2
▲摘要：
氢脆（HE）飞腾了铝（Al）合金的持久性，抗HE功能后退了近5倍，镍的年需要量估量将逾越600万吨，且易于顺应大规模的工业破费。并不象征着代表本网站意见或者证实其内容的着实性；如其余媒体、有助于缓解镍有利于可不断能源技术与镍破费危害情景之间的矛盾。热操作的岩浆异化可能沿该概况爆发。
该策略发生了璀璨高效的纯红色PeLED，并触发Al3(Mg,Sc)2的组成。两步热处置诱惑仅尺寸大于10nm的Al3Sc纳米析出相概况爆发Samson相Al3(Mg,Sc)2的非均相形核。他们估量，该技术为钻研与电子隧穿耦合的大批其余中性总体方式开拓了道路，履历逾越99.99%极其天气积攒吐露的人数。
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